SOLEMNITY OF ALL SAINTS, 2024 BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP

Revelation 7:2-4, 9-14; Psalm 24:16, 1 John 3:1-3; Matthew 5:1-12

The Catholic Church holds and teaches that the Church exists simultaneously in heaven, on earth, and in purgatory. The Church in heaven is called Church Triumphant, the Church on earth is called Church Militant, and the Church in purgatory is called Church Suffering. The unity of the Church in heaven and the Church on earth is called the Communion of Saints. Our celebration today is based on this unity. The unity and communion continue tomorrow, November 2, with the special commemoration of All Souls, the Church Suffering.

In today’s celebration, we pray that the saints in heaven intercede for us. They were close to God while on earth. Now, they are with God in heaven; they intercede for us. That is why Catholics pray through their intercession.

In the first reading, St. John saw “a vision of heaven, and of a great multitude, which no one can count, from every nation, race, people, and tongue” (Revelation 7:9). Only a few saints out of the multitude of saints in heaven are canonized and celebrated. Today, we celebrate all saints. Indeed, our loved ones who have gone before us and our ancestors are included. Therefore, it is not out of place to plead with our departed loved ones and our ancestors who lived a godly life to intercede for us.

There are people who do not believe in communion with the saints or the power of the saints to intercede for us. There is no way we can imagine that the saints in heaven, which St. John gives us a tiny picture in his vision, have nothing to do with us on earth. How do those who do not believe in the power of the saints to intercede for us explain the mystery behind the countless prayers answered by God through the intercession of the saints? Ordinarily, we believe in the power of prayer by human beings, which is why we ask for prayers from one another. If God hears the prayer of sinners on earth, even more he hears the prayers of the saint in his presence. Also, the belief in the power of intercession of the ancestors (known as Ndichie among the Igbos of Nigeria) existed among many African peoples before the coming of Christianity. Such belief system cannot be dismissed as meaningless or a pagan practice.

It is for this reason that the Catholic Church teaches that we take or include saints’ names for Baptism and Confirmation, and name places after the saints so that those saints we hold dear as patrons may intercede for us, and we strive to imitate the life they lived. It is more spiritually benefiting to choose saints’ names for the sacraments and for patronage.

The Church Militant is a pilgrim church. Our destination is the Church Triumphant. Therefore, while on earth, we need to live lives that will enable us to join the Church Triumphant in heaven. The second reading says, “Everyone who has this hope based on him [strives to make himself/herself] pure, as he is pure” (1 John 3:3).

In the gospel, Jesus gives us the beatitudes that can guide us in our striving on our journey on earth and enable us to join the Church Triumphant. How wonderful our world becomes if our leaders and our rulers, and everyone are guided by the beatitudes.

“Blessed are the poor in spirit;” is an invitation to be humble.

“Blessed are they who mourn;” is an invitation to grieve/regret over sin and evil and to make efforts to stop them or distance from them.

“Blessed are the meek;” is an invitation to be gentle and agreeable.

“Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness;” is an invitation to stand for truth and justice.

“Blessed are the merciful;” is to be kind and compassionate.

“Blessed are the clean of heart;” is an invitation to be honest.

“Blessed are the peacemakers;” is an invitation to be peaceful and to become an instrument of peace.

“Blessed are you when they insult you and persecute you and utter every kind of evil against you falsely;” is an invitation to remain steadfast during opposition and persecution.

St. Theresa of Lisieux advises that to become a saint, or to go to heaven, is not only achieved by doing extraordinary and mighty deeds, but also by doing small things with great love. She calls this “the simple way: a simple and direct path to heaven.” St. Joseph Marello is attributed as saying, “Saints do ordinary things in extraordinary ways.”

Also, Miriam C. Hunter writes, “Why are the saints, saints? Because they were cheerful when it was difficult to be cheerful; patient when it was difficult to be patient. And because they pushed on when they wanted to stand still and kept silent when they wanted to talk. And because they were agreeable when they wanted to be disagreeable…”

We can add that saints are saints because they forgave when it was difficult to forgive. And they lived their life in total surrender to God.

Oh, when the saints are matching in ……

THIRTIETH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME YEAR B, 2024 BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP

Jeremiah 31:7-9; Psalm 126:1-6; Hebrews 5:1-6; Mark 10:46-52

The first reading is a part of Prophet Jeremiah’s prophecy of consolation to the exiled people of Israel. Jeremiah consoled them to be hopeful and look forward to their redemption from their Babylonian captors and oppressors.  “Behold, I will bring them back from the land of the north; I will gather them from the ends of the world, the blind and the lame in their midst, …” (Jeremiah 31:8).

The first reading is also Jeremiah’s prophecy about Jesus, the redeemer, who was to come to liberate the world from sin, affliction, and sorrow, as exemplified in the healing of the blind Bartimaeus in today's gospel. Bartimaeus’ story is symbolic. Bartimaeus represents all of us.

Homeless Bartimaeus was sitting by the roadside and begging for alms. He must have heard about the great things Jesus was doing in various towns. On hearing that Jesus was passing, the name and the man he had heard about, he didn’t want to miss the single moment opportunity. Bartimaeus did not even know, as Scripture scholars tell us, that that was to be Jesus’ last journey through Jericho.  Bartimaeus began to cry out to him. To draw Jesus’ attention, he called him by his ancestral name, “Son of David.” The gospel makes it clear that “many people rebuked him, telling him to be silent.” He refused to be silenced. He refused to be discouraged. The reading says, “He kept calling out the more.” Jesus stopped. I imagine that Jesus stopped to know who kept shouting his name and his ancestral name. Jesus said, “Call him.” The cloak the blind man was wearing shows that the weather was cold. But when Jesus sent for him, there was an immediate interior and exterior transformation. He suddenly became warm.  “He threw aside his cloak, sprang up, and came to Jesus.” Jesus asked him what he wanted. Bartimaeus replied, “Master, I want to see.” (Another translation says, “Lord, let me recover my sight,” which suggests that Bartimaeus was not born blind.) He did not ask for money or food or accommodation or any material thing. Jesus said to him, “Go your way; your faith has saved you.” When he recovered his sight, immediately he followed Jesus on the way. Bartimaeus was no longer going to follow his own way, which might have made him lose his sight.

Is Bartimaeus’ faith not challenging to us? He teaches us how to call on the Lord in our helplessness. Like Bartimaeus, let us refuse to be discouraged. Let us refuse to be silenced. Let us not give up, and withdraw into self-pity, and blame others for being the reason we gave up. Bartimaeus teaches us persistency and perseverance. He teaches us that if we follow the way of Jesus, we will not lose our sight. Jesus promises us, “Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life” (John 8:12). Bartimaeus grabbed the last miracle Jesus did in Jericho. Do not allow Jesus to pass you by. Stop him and grab your own miracle!

Like Bartimaeus, what we need, more than anything else, is the restoration of our inner eyes. Although we are not physically blind, we are suffering from blindness of the spirit, blindness of the heart, and blindness of the mind.

We are blind when sin obstructs our relationship with God.

We are blind when we do not see God’s signs, and when we do not see what God wants us to see.

We are blind when we do not see those around us who need our help.

We are blind when we do not see God’s hand in our lives.

We are blind when we do not accept the truth.

We are blind when we are unable to see the big picture.

We are blind when we are unable to see reality.

We are blind when we are opinionated and narrow-minded.

We are blind when we lack perception and discernment.

We are blind when we lack insights and initiatives.

We are blind when we are gullible (easily deceived).

We are blind when we lack self-control and are overtaken by fear or sentiment or ego or power or such vices as anger, greed, lust, jealousy, envy, selfishness and so on.

We are blind when we live in denial of our blindness.

The irony is that we do not acknowledge our blindness. When Jesus confronted the Pharisees for their blindness, they denied it and said to Jesus, “Surely, we are not blind, are we? (John 9:40). We are like the Pharisees. We deny our blindness. Healing and deliverance cannot take place when we live in denial.

Let us pray:

O Lord, open the eyes of our spirits, hearts, and minds to realize our various blindness so that we can be healed as Bartimaeus was healed. As scales fell off from Saul’s eyes and his sight was restored, may scales fall off from the eyes of our spirits, our hearts, and our minds that we may see again. Direct our inner eyes to find our desires, which you have approved. May we not seek blindly or seek in vain. O Lord, deliver us from every danger and from our afflictions as you delivered the Israelites from their Babylonian captors and oppressors. Amen.

TWENTY-NINTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME YEAR B, 2024 BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP

 Isaiah 53:10-11; Psalm 33:3-5, 18-18, 20, 22; Hebrews 4:14-16; Mark 10:35-45

Today is World Mission Sunday. Pope Pius XI instituted World Mission Sunday in 1926 to be an annual day of prayer and expression of support for the Catholic Church’s missionary vision and character. It is a Sunday that is set aside for Catholics all over the world to recommit themselves to the Church's missionary activities through prayer and offering. We are invited, constantly, to pray for the success of the Church’s missionary activities in every part of the world. We pray for missionaries and missionary institutions and pray that the Lord of the harvest sends more laborers for his harvest (Matthew 9:37-38).

We pray for seminaries and religious houses formators, seminarians, novices, and candidates. We also pray for men and women of goodwill who sacrifice their talents and resources to support God’s work in the missions. In addition to our prayers, we are, also, invited to offer material and financial support to the Church’s missionary activities. We are all missionaries, either by going to the missions or by praying for missionaries or by giving to support or sustain the missions.

Pope Francis’ theme of reflection for this year’s World Mission Sunday is, “Go and invite everyone to the banquet” (cf. Matthew 22:9). The pope says, “The Church, for her part, in fidelity to the mission she has received from the Lord, will continue to go to the ends of the earth, to set out over and over again, without ever growing weary or losing heart in the face of difficulties and obstacles.” He adds, “The mission for all requires the commitment of all.”

The pope prays, “May all of us, the baptized, be ready to set out anew, each according to our state in life, to inaugurate a new missionary movement, as at the dawn of Christianity!”

In the first reading, Isaiah prophesied Jesus’ mission. The Messiah was going to suffer, and be crushed (crucified), and give his life. By doing so, the will of the Lord shall be accomplished, many shall be justified, and their guilt he shall bear. From the apostles and the early Church until our time, the Church has followed in the footsteps of Christ for the sake of the Kingdom. The Church has continued to suffer persecution and martyrdom. That is why the Church on earth is called “Church Militant.” Pope Francis requests that everyone’s involvement and commitment are needed. Persecuted Christians and difficult missions need our support.

Only a few persons give up houses or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or land to go on mission in faraway places for the sake of the Gospel. Therefore, another level of mission is to be a missionary in the environment one finds him/herself. That is, to make disciples in the power of the Spirit right wherever we live, worship, work, study, eat, refresh, play, and so on. Witnessing Christ in one’s environment is a very important missionary activity. The words of Moses to the people of Israel in Deuteronomy 30:11-14 is very relevant to many people who are on mission in their environment. “For this command which I am giving you today is not too wondrous or remote for you. It is not in the heavens, that you should say, ‘Who will go up to the heavens to get it for us and tell us of it, that we may do it?’ Nor is it across the sea, that you should say, ‘Who will cross the sea to get it for us and tell us of it, that we may do it?’ No, it is something very near to you, in your mouth and in your heart, to do it.”

In a broader sense, mission means aim or intention or motive. This meaning helps us to understand the interaction between Jesus and the sons of Zebedee. They requested from Jesus, “Grant that in your glory we sit one at your right and the other at your left.” The disciples of Jesus believed that Jesus was a political messiah. James and John, like the other disciples, believed that Jesus was to carry out a revolution, overthrow the Romans, and restore the kingdom and the glory of Israel. They were, surely, not thinking about the heavenly glory of Jesus. Their discipleship at that time was out of ulterior motive. They lobbied to occupy the highest positions when Jesus overthrows the Romans. We all know the adverse results of people who, with deceptive motives, bulldoze their way into positions of power and authority. Wrong aim, wrong motive, bad mission! Jesus says, “… whoever wishes to be great among you will be your servant; whoever wishes to be first among you will be the slave of all” (Mark 10:44).

Finally, mission means task and goal. God gives each of us a task (mission) at every stage of our lives. Anyone who is unable to identify his/her mission must pray for the grace to do so and the grace to accept it and carry it out. God who gives the mission (task) gives the grace. Our young ones must have a vision of their God assigned goal (mission) as early as possible and work towards achieving it. A builder cannot make a headway if he/she has no drawing (vision) to work with. Mission is impossible without a vision. It is only when someone has a destination in mind that he/she can figure out the way to reach it.

For the Church’s mission and our personal mission, the second reading encourages us to “confidently approach” Jesus Christ, the High Priest, who is on “the throne of grace to receive mercy and find grace for timely help” (Hebrews 4:16). For without him, we can do nothing (John 15:5).  

TWENTY-EIGHTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME YEAR B, 2024 BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP

Wisdom 7:7-11; Psalm 90:12-17; Hebrews 4:12-13; Mark 10:17-30

The first reading explains the importance of wisdom. The Book of Job describes wisdom as the fear of the Lord and avoiding evil (Job 28:28). The fear of the Lord should not connote fear of God who punishes sinners. Fear of the Lord means to have profound reverence for God, to keep his commandments, and to distaste sin. “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy one is understanding” (Proverbs 9:10).

The first reading says the following about wisdom: Wisdom is greater than scepter and throne. One can have scepter and throne (power), but has no wisdom. Wisdom is greater than silver and gold. One can have silver and gold (opportunities), but wastes them. Wisdom is greater than  health and comeliness. One can have health and comeliness (good-looking), but foolish.

Today, we are advised, “Get wisdom, get understanding! … Do not forsake her, and she will preserve you; love her, and she will safeguard you” (Proverbs 4:5-6). “For by [wisdom], your days will be multiplied, and the years of your life increased” (Proverbs 9:11).

Despite his wealth, the young King Solomon prayed for wisdom: “Give your servant, therefore, a listening heart to judge your people and to distinguish between good and evil” (1 King 3:9). If God asks us what we need him to do for us, how many of us would pray like Solomon? I am sure that the things of this world would be our priority. How many young people would desire wisdom as their priority?

The second reading tells us that the best source of wisdom is the word of God. The reading says, “Indeed, the word of God is living and effective, sharper than any two-edged sword, penetrating even between soul and spirit, joints and marrow, and able to discern reflections and thoughts of the heart” (Hebrews 4:12-13). This means that if we rely on God’s word, we will gain the wisdom that can always guide us to discern properly and to judge wisely. As believers, we need to refer to God’s word to guide us in all we say and all we do.

In the gospel, the man did nothing extra-ordinary by keeping the commandments. “You shall not kill; you shall not commit adultery; you shall not steal; you shall not bear false witness; you shall not defraud; honor your father and your mother” (Mark 10:19). These natural and civil laws were required to be kept by everyone or face the wrath of the law. At that time, dishonor to parents was a criminal offense that attracted the death penalty! Leviticus 20:9 says, “Anyone who curses their father or mother must be put to death.” But there was no legal punishment for failing to do works of charity.   

Therefore, Jesus challenged him to step out of his comfort zone and begin to live a more radical life of self-giving and self-sacrifice that were beyond keeping to the letter of the law. ‘“You are lacking in one thing,” Jesus says, “Go, sell what you have, and give to the poor …, then come and follow me.’ At the statement his face fell, and he went away sad, for he had many possessions” (Mark 10:21-22). His major problem was not only that he had many possessions, he lacked the spirit of self-giving and self-sacrifice.

 “Peter began to say to him, ‘We have given up everything and followed you.’ Jesus said, ‘Amen, I say to you, there is no one who has given up house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or lands for my sake and for the sake of the gospel who will not receive a hundred times more now in this present age: houses and brothers and sisters and mothers and children and lands, with persecutions, and eternal life in the age to come’” (Mark 10:28-30).

Some persons have the special calling to, practically, give up material possessions and family in order to serve God and humanity. However, in one way or another, everyone is invited to a life of self-giving and self-sacrifice. We can respond positively to Jesus’ invitation. Or, we can have excuses and go away sad.

Also, our many possessions that make our faces fall and make us walk away sad are our spiritual baggage: unforgiveness, guilt, hatred, immoral life, anger, envy and jealousy, fear, anxiety, vanity, power, ego (pride), lack of faith, and so on. The wisdom to repent and have the Sacrament of Reconciliation means selling everything!

Therefore, let us pray to reject the wisdom of this world, which St. Paul calls foolishness before God (1 Corinthian 3:19), and embrace Jesus Christ, who is the power and wisdom of God (1 Corinthians 1:24). With the power and wisdom of God, we can distinguish between good and evil, and do good and avoid evil. We conclude with a paraphrase of Proverbs 4:5-6 cited above: Have a relationship with Jesus! Do not forsake him, and he will preserve you; love him, and he will safeguard you. Amen.

TWENTY-SEVENTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME YEAR B, 2024 BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP

 Genesis 2:18-24; Psalm 128:1-6; Hebrews 2:9-11; Mark 10:2-16

Today’s readings address marriage and family, which are two very important areas of human existence. Marriage and family issues concern every one of us since all human beings come into existence through the union of man and woman; and each person belongs to a family.

The first reading is the story of how God created the first family. The reading concludes, “That is why a man leaves his father and mother and clings to his wife, and the two of them become one flesh” (Genesis 2:24). In the gospel, Jesus repeats this line and adds, “Therefore what God has joined together, no human being must separate” (Mark 10:9). The first reading and the gospel show that the Sacrament of Matrimony is the first of the seven sacraments and that the institution of the family is the most important and the foundation of every other divine and human institution. Whatever affects the family, negatively or positively, affects human existence in the same way.

After creating the union of man and woman, God did not create any alternative to such a union. The prophets did not provide alternatives. Jesus did not suggest any alternative. Instead, he confirmed the union of husband and wife as God made it to be in the beginning. The New Testament epistles do not suggest any alternative. It means that the absence of alternatives to the union of man and woman is not an omission. God made it so. Human biology, physiology, and the reproductive system are naturally designed to enhance the union of man and woman.

However, we do not dismiss the reality in our world today that men and women have alternatives to what the readings of today present to us. For the sake of civility and decency, I will not go into discussing the alternatives, which are, as we know, recognized by some religious bodies and governments of some countries. The recognitions do not change the Catholic teaching on marriage, which is based on the Scripture, morality, and human nature. It is important that we know what the Scripture says and what the Church teaches. Then, we are responsible for the choices we make, and we are accountable to God. 

Another problem affecting the family institution is that some people do not believe that marriage is a covenant. They see marriage as a contract that can be terminated with time or when there are defaults. Jesus says in today’s gospel, “So they are no longer two but one flesh. Therefore, what God has joined together, no human being must separate” (Mark 10:8-9). For this reason, the Catholic Church does not encourage or facilitate divorce. Rather, after all necessary inquiries, the Church can annul and void a marriage as if the marriage never existed. This is different from divorce, which means that the marriage existed but ended. It is pathetic how celebrities and some people toy with divorce and belittle family life, and their admirers and social media celebrate the news. This has a huge negative influence on young people.

The gospel concludes with the following, “And people were bringing children to him that he might touch them, but the disciples rebuked them. When Jesus saw this, he became indignant and said to them, ‘Let the children come to me; do not prevent them, for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these. Amen, I say to you, whoever does not accept the kingdom of God like a child will not enter it.’ Then he embraced them and blessed them, placing his hands on them” (Mark 10:13-16). Some countries and some governments do not allow religion to be taught in government owned schools, thereby undermining the importance of faith and religion in children’s development. By doing so, children are taken away from God. Therefore, it becomes the responsibility of parents to teach their children the importance of spiritual life. Proverbs 9:10 says, “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy One is understanding.” Proverbs 22:6 says, “Train the young in the way they should go; even when old, they will not swerve from it.”

Unfortunately, some parents are not committed to the responsibility of bringing their children to Jesus. When a parent’s priority for his/her child on a weekend is something else rather than worshipping God, the parent has taken his/her child away from Jesus. There are runaway parents who completely abandon their children. There are parents who have no religious affiliation and have nothing to teach their children concerning faith and religion; which is why we are beginning to have a God-less and faith-less generation.

The readings today call for the protection of the institution of marriage and family, and bringing our children close to God. We pray for a better understanding of the sacredness of marriage and family. We pray for fidelity, love, and respect that enable lasting marriages among couples. We pray that our sons and daughters discern prayerfully and properly before entering into marriage covenants. We pray that parents may embrace the task of training their children in the way of God.

TWENTY-SIXTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME YEAR B, BY FR. MARTIN EKE, MSP 2024

Numbers 11:25-29; Psalm 19:8, 10, 12-14; James 5:1-6; Mark 9:38-43, 45, 47-48

A brief background of the first reading will help us appreciate the message the reading has for us. At a point on their journey, the Israelites complained bitterly against God and Moses: “But now we are famished; we have nothing to look forward to but this manna …” “When Moses heard the people, family after family, crying at the entrance of their tents, so that the Lord became very angry, he was grieved.” Moses cried to God, “… I cannot carry all this people by myself, for they are too heavy for me. If this is the way you will deal with me, then please do me the favor of killing me at once, so that I need no longer face my distress” (Numbers 11:1-15).

Then, God directed Moses to appoint seventy elders of Israel. God said to Moses, “I will also take some of the spirit that is on you and will confer it on them, that they may share the burden of the people with you. You will then not have to bear it by yourself” (Numbers 11:16-17).

In the first reading, God took some of the spirit that was on Moses and bestowed on sixty-eight elders who were present, and they prophesied. Two elders “were not in the gathering but … in the camp…. Yet, the spirit came upon them also, and they prophesied in the camp” (Numbers 11:24-26).

I do not stop wondering why God did not confer the spirit on the elders directly from himself. Rather, he took some of the spirit that was on Moses and conferred on the elders. In my wondering, I ask myself: “Do I have the spirit that God can take some and confer on others?” “What can God take from me and give to others which can positively impact their life?” “Can I dispose myself for God to take from me and give to others?” Or do I, jealously, hold all I have to myself? After God had taken some spirit from Moses and conferred on others, Moses still had enough spirit to continue to lead the people of Israel. Givers never lack (Proverbs 28:27).  

Joshua did not want the two men who were absent from the gathering to receive the spirit. Joshua said, “Moses, my lord, stop them.” In today’s gospel, John and some of the disciples of Jesus tried to stop someone who was driving out demons in the name of Jesus because he was not a disciple of Jesus.

In the same way, there are people who hold on to concepts of exclusion and entitlement and deny those who do not belong to their kind or group their deserved rights and privileges. St. Paul scolded the Corinthians, “One says, ‘I belong to Paul.’ Another says, ‘I belong to Apollos.’ Does not that show that you have the spirit of this world?” (1 Corinthians 3:4). While the spirit of this world is partial and factional, the Spirit of God has no boundaries. It blows wherever he wishes (John 3:8).

Also, God can choose and use anyone according to his good purpose. If God chooses and uses someone we do not like, or our enemy, or someone outside our group for his good purpose, then, so be it. Let us not have the spirit of this world that tries to stifle God’s Spirit and God’s plan. St. Paul encourages us, “Do not quench the Holy Spirit. Do not despise prophetic utterances” (1 Thessalonians 5:19).

In today’s gospel, Jesus strongly condemns all forms of abuse and molesting of children and minors. He says, “Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown into the sea” (Mark 9:42). In the same vein, as we reflected last Sunday, God is displeased with whoever causes hardship on the vulnerable, the voiceless, the powerless, and the defenseless.

The entire second reading condemns those who take advantage of the vulnerable, the voiceless, the powerless, and the defenseless to advance or enrich themselves. “… You have stored up treasure for the last days. Behold, the wages you withheld from the workers who harvested your fields are crying aloud, and the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts…. You have condemned; you have murdered the righteous one; he offers you no resistance” (James 5:3-6). Helplessly, we see these sins committed around us and around the world. For this reason, St. Paul urges us to offer supplications, prayers, petitions for rulers, and for all in authority, that they may lead with integrity (1 Timothy 2:1-3).

To conclude, Jesus has something for each one of us to reflect and work on. Jesus advises us to cut off hand or feet and pluck off eye if they cause us to sin. We know how important and dear these parts of the body are to us. It means that we must cut off from persons, relationships, associations, occasions, places, and the things we may hold dear, but they lead us astray or lead us to sin and away from God. Such daring and radical action requires a lot of prayer, courage, discipline, resilience, sacrifice, and God’s grace.